Analysis and Evaluation of Ramp Metering: From Historical Evolution to the Application of New Algorithms and Engineering Principles

In the modern era, characterized by intense urbanization and frequent travel between interconnected communities, constant expansion of cities, associated with high densities growing need for traveling, has led to a significant increase in road traffic volumes. More than ever, today requires effort be managed effectively order improve performance safety conditions, given greater probability unpleasant events such as accidents or congestion related delays increased stress levels user infrastructure. Fortunately, there are already various engineering tools, ramp metering, that can used this purpose. Ramp metering allows achieving aforementioned desired benefits, including improving mobility, reliability, efficiency, safety, even reducing environmental impact. It also been shown cost-effective from existing literature. Further research will necessary strengthen quality, efficacy, efficiency especially considering fast-paced progress technology (e.g., connected autonomous vehicles drones surveys) new challenging scenarios congested industrial areas emergency vehicles). This review’s scope is present general overview principal solutions, focusing on current studies last couple years highlighting some main algorithms purpose, depending diverse scenarios. With article, authors desire subject providing its story, evolution, recent analytical models.